This study aimed to present objective evidence that can support the decision-making related to dialysis for elderly patients with CKD through a systematic literature review. The purpose of this study is to present objective evidence to help rational decision-making in deciding whether to receive dialysis treatment in actual clinical practice by analyzing treatment effects and prognostic factors related to dialysis treatment for elderly patients with CKD. The purpose of this study is 1) to identify the therapeutic effect related to dialysis treatment through comparative analysis of clinical effects between dialysis treatment and conservative management in elderly CKD patients, and 2) comparative analysis of clinical effects between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis in elderly chronic kidney disease patients, and 3) to prepare a scientific basis by analyzing the effects of prior planning of dialysis treatment on survival and independent prognostic factors in elderly patients with CKD.